Sepsis

Effectiveness of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor in Hospitalized Infants with Neutropenia

Posted on by Kayla Korzekwinski

American Journal of Perinatology • April 2017

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Lee JA, Sauer B, Tuminski W, Cheong J, Fitz-Henley J 2nd, Mayers M, Ezuma-Igwe C, Arnold C, Hornik CP, Clark RH, Benjamin DK Jr, Smith PB, Ericson JE; Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act—Pediatric Trials Network Steering Committee.

The objective of this study was to determine the time to hematologic recovery and the incidence of secondary sepsis and mortality among neutropenic infants treated or not treated with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). We identified all neutropenic infants discharged from 348 neonatal intensive care units from 1997 to 2012. Neutropenia was defined as an absolute neutrophil count ≤ 1,500/µL for ≥ 1 day during the first 120 days of life.

Fluconazole Prophylaxis for the Prevention of Candidiasis in Premature Infants: A Meta-analysis Using Patient-level Data

Posted on by Kayla Korzekwinski

Clinical Infectious Diseases • August 2016

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Ericson JE, Kaufman DA, Kicklighter SD, Bhatia J, Testoni D, Gao J, Smith PB, Prather KO, Benjamin DK Jr; Fluconazole Prophylaxis Study Team on behalf of the Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act–Pediatric Trials Network Steering Committee.

Invasive candidiasis (IC) is an important cause of sepsis in premature infants and is associated with a high risk of death and neurodevelopmental impairment. Prevention of IC has become a major focus in very low birth weight infants, with fluconazole increasingly used as prophylaxis. We identified all randomized, placebo-controlled trials evaluating fluconazole prophylaxis in premature infants conducted in the United States.

Adverse Events After Routine Immunization of Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants

Posted on by Kayla Korzekwinski

JAMA Pediatrics • August 2016

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DeMeo SD, Raman SR, Hornik CP, Wilson CC, Clark R, Smith PB
Immunization of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is associated with adverse events including fever and apnea/bradycardia in the immediate post-immunization period. This presents a diagnostic dilemma for clinicians, leading to the potential for immunization delay and sepsis evaluations. The goal of this study is to compare the incidence of sepsis evaluations, need for increased respiratory support, intubation, seizures, and death among immunized ELBW infants in the 3 days pre- and post-immunization.

Effect of Catheter Dwell Time on Risk of Central Line–Associated Bloodstream Infection in Infants

Posted on by Kayla Korzekwinski

Pediatrics • December 2015

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Greenberg RG, Cochran KM, Smith PB, Edson BS, Schulman J, Lee HC, Govindaswami B, Pantoja A, Hardy D, Curran J, Lin D, Kuo S, Noguchi A, Itmann P, Duncan S, Gupta M, Piccarillo A, Karna P, Cohen M, Giuliano M, Carroll S, Page B, Guzman-Cottrill J, Walker

Central venous catheters in the NICU are associated with significant morbidity and mortality because of the risk of central line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of catheter dwell time on risk of CLABSI. Increased dwell time was not associated with increased risk of CLABSI for PICCs. For tunneled catheters, infection incidence was significantly higher in weeks 7 and 9 compared with week 1.