PTN Methods

Most PTN studies evaluate the concentrations of certain drugs in a variety of matrices (plasma, dried blood spots, urine, cerebral spinal fluid, and breastmilk). In order to accomplish this, the PTN collaborates with multiple analytical laboratories to develop and validate these methods. Each method is unique to the drug and the matrix studied. The PTN strives to use low volumes and have low limits of quantification to fit the needs of pediatric populations. In an effort to share its research with others, the PTN is able to provide access to these methods for those who are interested.

If you are interested in gaining access, please complete this Methods Sharing Request Form and email it to PTN-Program-Manager@dm.duke.edu

PTN developed assay methods for plasma for over 90 medications. Additionally the Network developed validated methods to measure drug levels in dried blood spots (n=12), urine (n=8), cerebral spinal fluid (n=8), and breastmilk (over 30 medicines commonly used in breast feeding mothers).

The table below includes drugs that the PTN has studied and what matrices are used. The pro-drug is listed and any associated metabolites included in the method are in parentheses.

 

Drug Studied Matrix
Plasma Dried Blood Spot Urine CSF Breastmilk
Acyclovir x x
Alfentanil x
Aminocaprioic acid x
Amiodarone x x
Ampicillin x
Anakinra x
Aripiprazole x
Aspirin x
Azithromycin x x
Bosentan x
Budesonide x
Cefdinir x
Cefepime x x
Ceftazidime x
Ciprofloxacin x x
Citalopram x x
Clavulanic acid x
Clindamycin x x x x
Clobazam (N-Desmethyl Clobazam) x
Clonidine x x
Colchicine x
Dexamethasone x
Dexmedetomidine x
Diazepam x
Digoxin x
Dolutegravir x x
Dopamine x x
Doxcycline x x x
Efavirenz x x
Emtricitabine x x
Escitalopram x x
Fentanyl x x
Fluconazole x x
Furosemide x
Gabapentin x x
Granisetron x
Guanfacine x
Haloperidol x
Hydrochlorothiazide x x x
Hydrocortisone x
Hydromorphone x
Hydroxyurea x
Ketamine x
Ketorolac x
Labetalol x x
Lamivudine x x
Levetiracetam x
Levofloxacin x x
Lidocaine x
Lisinopril x x
Lorazepam x
Lurasidone x
Meropenem x x
Metaclopramide x x
Metformin x x
Methadone x x
Methylphenidate x x
Methylprednisolone x
Metroclopramide x
Metronidazole x x
Midazolam x
Milrinone x x
Morphine x
Nicardipine x
Nifedipine x x
Olanzapine x
Ondansetron x x x
Oseltamivir x
Oxcarbazepine (10-hydroxy-carbamazepine) x
Oxycodone x x
Pantoprazole x
Pentobarbital x
Phenytoin x
Phenobarbtital x
Piperacillin/Tazobactam x x x
Propofol x
Quetiapine x
Remdesivir x
Rifampin x x x
Risperidone x
Rocuronium x
Sertaline x x
Sildenafil x x
Spironolactone x
Sumatriptan x x
Tenofovir x x
Terbutaline x
Ticarcillin x x
Timolol x x
Tobramycin x x
Topiramate x
Tranexamic acid x x
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole x x x
Valproic acid x
Vancomycin x
Voriconazole x x
Warfarin x
Ziprasidone x
Zolpidem x