Over the past few decades, children’s health has arguably made some of the greatest gains. Infant mortality in most developed countries has fallen dramatically from an estimated 30 per cent to less than one per cent. Infectious diseases, the primary cause of infant mortality, have been addressed with better sanitation and water quality, and the development of vaccines and innovative new therapies. Parents need only consider penicillin or vaccines for polio, whooping cough, meningitis, and chicken pox to get a sense of the stress that parents would have had just a few decades ago.
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